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Kunda System has particular meaning throughout Pakistan, especially in Karachi and Lahore. Generally Kunda (hook) system is used for illegal electricity connection. In Karachi a parallel power supply “the Kunda System” has been running for years. The word “Kunda” is applied for all connection acquired by any means other than legal procedures. Literally in Urdu language word “Kunda” is meant a sphere or semi sphere shape with or without further curves for connecting iron chain. Basically the word Kunda belongs to old Hindi language family. Briefly Kunda system means theft of electricity in Pakistan. The term official Kunda is also used as KESC staff under a provision also provides official Kunda to the consumers of their choice. Users who consume electricity through illegal connections are not only a problem for the Karachi Electric Company but it is also a main cause of inaccessibility of power supply to genuine legal consumers who had to face power breakdowns in addition to power fluctuations due to Kunda system. Electricity shortage throughout Pakistan is a chronic issue. Lights go out for at least 10 hours a day in major cities and up to 22 hours a day in rural areas. Street protests in Pakistan for electricity shutdown and poor performance are common. However, no proper solution is achieved by the protesters, instead a sweet promise is assured to the victims of electricity supply by the concerned quarters of the locality. ==Electricity Theft== Energy theft is a world issue and this white collar crime is committed elsewhere irrespective of economic stability of countries. Electricity theft of 6 billion US dollars per year was reported in 2012-13 alone in the USA. A business case from a utility in Canada, BC Hydro, claims that electricity theft cost them at least 850 GWh (gigawatt-hours) or approximately US Dollar 100 million per year. In some countries, energy loss due to theft is estimated at over 35%. Legitimate customers bear the cost of electricity theft, which has grown significantly in the recent decades. The rate of stealing electricity is much higher in developing countries like Pakistan. In 2013 it was placed on record in the Senate of Pakistan, that in the last 5 years Pakistan had lost Rs 90 billion in electricity theft and line losses. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kunda System in Karachi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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